The India-Bangladesh Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace was signed on March 19, 1972, after Bangladesh declared its independence from Pakistan. The treaty was signed by the Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and the Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and it remains an important milestone in the relationship between the two countries
One of the key provisions of the treaty was the recognition of Bangladesh as an independent and sovereign state by India. India also agreed to provide economic and military assistance to Bangladesh to help it rebuild after the war with Pakistan.
The treaty also established a Joint Rivers Commission to manage the water resources shared by the two countries. This commission has been instrumental in resolving disputes over the sharing of river waters, particularly the Ganges River.
In addition, the treaty established a framework for transit between India and Bangladesh. This has been critical for trade between the two countries, as India is the largest trading partner of Bangladesh. The treaty has also facilitated the movement of goods and people between India's northeastern states and the rest of the country.
Over the years, the India-Bangladesh treaty has been amended several times to reflect changing circumstances and to deepen cooperation between the two countries. The most recent amendment was signed in 2020, which updated the treaty to include provisions on the use of the Chittagong and Mongla ports by India, as well as the establishment of new border haats (markets) between the two countries.
Overall, the India-Bangladesh treaty has been a significant milestone in the history of the two countries, establishing a framework for peaceful and cooperative relations that has endured for over five decades.
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